Improved apparatus for filtering liquids under pressure



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS R.' SINCLAIRE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FILTERING- LIQUIDEv UNDER PRESSURE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 92,215, dated July 6, 1869.

- Oleaginous Fluids; and I do -hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in those apparatuses or devices by which spirituous, saccharine, and oleaginous fluids are rectified and clarified under pressure.

The object of theinvention is twofold: First', to obviate the contingency of the breaking or rupturing of the vessel which contains the rectifying or clarifying medium, under an eX- cess of pressure on the fluid forced through it; and, second, in providing a means for the ready cleansing of the rectifying or clarifying medium.

Those devices which have hitherto been employed for rectifying and clarifying liquids under pressure, require to be strictly watched in order to prevent an excess of pressure on the fluid forced through the rectifying and clarifying medium. A pressure-gage has been employed, but that, of course, is not infallible as a safeguard, as it requires the constant watch or attendance of a person who must have an eye on the gage and regulate the pressure in accordance therewith.

The rst part of my improvement obviates the necessity of an attendant for this purpose,

the regulating of the pressure being entirely` automatic.

The second object of the invention is to readily cleanse the rectifying or clarifying medium, which requires frequent cleansing` on account ofthe rapidity with which liquids are rectied and clarified under pressure. Hence, it is important that this operation be expeditiously done and in a thorough manner. To effect this, I have a pipe leading from a steam-boiler into the pipe through which the fluid to be rectified or clarified is forced into the vessel containing the rectifying or clarifying medium. This latter pipe is provided with two check-valves, one at each sideof the junction of the steam-boiler pipe with it, so that the communication between the pump and the vessel containing the rectifying and clarifying medium will be automatically cut olf at any time, when a cock in the pipe from the boiler is opened and hot water or steam.

passed through the rectifying or clarifying medium so as to effectually cleanse it, and also to automatically cut o the supply of steam, hot water, or cold water, or air, when supplied through the steam-boiler pipe, so as to avoid any back action.

To enable those skilled in .the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

In the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention; Fig. 2, a plan or top view of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the two gures.

A represents the vessel which contains the rectifying and clarifying medium, any of the well-known or proper substances being used for this purpose and arranged in any desirable way within the vessel. On the top of this vessel there is a pressure-gage, B, and a safetyvalve, C, the latter having a lever, a, connected to its upper end, on the long arm of which there is placed a sliding or shifting weight, D. This valve is arranged like the ordinary safety-valve of a steam-boiler.

E is the supply-pipe, through which the iuid I to be operated upon is forced through the rectifying and clarifying medium in the vessel A, by means of a pump, F, or its mechanical equivalent, or by static pressure.

G is a pipe leading from a steam-boiler into the supply-pipe E, two check-valves, H H, being in pipe E, one at each side of the junction of pipe G with it.

The operation is as follows: Suppose it is' required to force the fluid to be operated upon through the rectifying or clarifying medium, with. a pressure of two hundred pounds to the inch. The weight D is adjusted on the lever a, to enable the valve C to rise when the pressure reaches or justvexceeds that point. The raising o f the valve C allows the fluid to escape from the vessel A through a pipe, I, down into the receptacle from which it was pumped and forced into A. Hence, it will be seen thatthevessel A cannot be subjected to any undue pressure, and consequently there .will be no danger oll said vessel being broken or ruptured, a contingency which would be very likely to occur if an employe and a pressure-gage were depended upon for its prevention.

When the rectifying or clarifying medium becomes foul, it is cleansed as follows: A stopcock, b, in pipe G is opened, and the checkvalve H, which isl at the outer side of the pipe G, (the side toward the pump,) automatically closes, cutting oft' the communi lation between the pump F to the vessel A, through the supply-pipe E, and hot water or steam from the boiler will be forced through the rectif'ying or clarifying medium, effectually cleansing the latter. The other check-valve H, the one nearest the vessel A, is designed simply to prevent any back flow through pipe Gr, in case air or cold water is forced through pipe G by a pump or otherwise.

I do not confine myself to any particular means for forcing the fluid to be operated upon through the pipe E, into and through the rectifying and clarifying medium in vessel A, as either mechanical force or static pressure may be employed for that purpose.

I would remark that the pressuregage and safety-valve need not necessarily be on the vessel A, as represented in the drawings, but may be placed at any convenient points on the supply-pipe, and the same result attained.

I do not claim a loaded or safety valve separately, or in itself considered, for that is a common and well-known device; neitherdo I claim rectifying or clarifying fluids under pressure; but,

Having thus described my invention, what I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l.- rIhe combination of the safety or loaded valve C, or its equivalent, and the vessel A, containing the rectifyingor clarifying medium, when the iiuid to bc operated upon is forced, under pressure, through the rectifying or clarifying medium, for the purpose set forth.

2. Ihe two check-valves H H in the supply-pipe E, in combination with the pipe G, when said parts are arranged as shown, and used in connection with or applied to a rectitying or clarifying apparatus, substantial] y as and for the purpose specified.

Trios. R. sINoLAIRE.

Witnesses:

A. R. Hnrerrr, EDWARD LYON, Jr. 

